Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders: adaptation to Brazil and test of a bifactor model.

OBJECTIVE: The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders (IIP-PD-47) has a controversial factor structure, as some studies have provided support for 5 correlated factors, and others have suggested the existence of a general second-order dimension. One approach of data modelling that reconciles multidimensionality and the existence of a general factor is the bifactor analysis. We used unrestricted exploratory-confirmatory bifactor modelling to validate the Brazilian version of the IIP-PD-47. METHODS: The sample consisted of 1,091 subjects aged 18-64 years who answered the IIP-PD-47 and a collateral measure of pathological traits, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). RESULTS: After testing many candidate models, our data were best represented by a bifactor model with one general factor and five specific uncorrelated factors. Nevertheless, a closer inspection of the discriminant validity of each IIP-PD-47 factor revealed strong support for the general factor and a factor capturing aggressive behaviours, but less support for the additional four specific factors. CONCLUSIONS: The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, and some recommendations are offered about the need for controlling response styles when assessing PD traits via self-report inventories. Our findings indicate that the Brazilian version of IIP-PD has promising psychometric properties.

Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders: adaptation to Brazil and test of a bifactor model

Objective: The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders (IIP-PD-47) has a controversial factor structure, as some studies have provided support for 5 correlated factors, and others have suggested the existence of a general second-order dimension. One approach of data modelling that reconciles multidimensionality and the existence of a general factor is the bifactor analysis. We used unrestricted exploratory-confirmatory bifactor modelling to validate the Brazilian version of the IIP-PD-47. Methods: The sample consisted of 1,091 subjects aged 18-64 years who answered the IIP-PD-47 and a collateral measure of pathological traits, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Results: After testing many candidate models, our data were best represented by a bifactor model with one general factor and five specific uncorrelated factors. Nevertheless, a closer inspection of the discriminant validity of each IIP-PD-47 factor revealed strong support for the general factor and a factor capturing aggressive behaviours, but less support for the additional four specific factors. Conclusions: The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, and some recommendations are offered about the need for controlling response styles when assessing PD traits via self-report inventories. Our findings indicate that the Brazilian version of IIP-PD has promising psychometric properties.

Objetivo: El Inventario de Problemas Interpersonales-Trastornos de la Personalidad (IIP-PD-47) tiene una estructura factorial controvertida, ya que algunos estudios han apoyado 5 factores correlacionados y otros han sen˜ alado la existencia de una dimensión general de segundo orden. Un enfoque del modelado de datos que concilia la multidimensionalidad y la existencia de un factor general es el análisis de bifactores. Para validar la versión brasileña del IIP-PD-47, se utilizó un modelo bifactorial confirmatorio exploratorio sin restricciones. Métodos: La muestra incluyó a 1.091 sujetos de 18 a 64 anos que respondieron al IIP-PD-47 y una medida colateral de rasgos patológicos, el Inventario de Personalidad Clínica Dimensional 2 (IDCP-2). Resultados: Después de probar muchos modelos candidatos, nuestros datos se representaron mejor mediante un modelo bifactorial con 1 factor general y 5 factores específicos no correlacionados. Sin embargo, una inspección más cercana de la validez discriminante de cada factor IIP-PD-47 reveló un fuerte respaldo del factor general y un factor que capta comportamientos agresivos, pero menos respaldo a los 4 factores específicos adicionales. Conclusiones: Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de estos hallazgos y se ofrecen algunas recomendaciones sobre la necesidad de controlar los estilos de respuesta al evaluar los rasgos de la EP a través de inventarios de autoaplicados. Nuestros hallazgos indican que la versión brasileña de IIP-PD tiene propiedades psicométricas prometedoras.

Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders: adaptation to Brazil and test of a bifactor model.

OBJECTIVE: The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders (IIP-PD-47) has a controversial factor structure, as some studies have provided support for 5 correlated factors, and others have suggested the existence of a general second-order dimension. One approach of data modelling that reconciles multidimensionality and the existence of a general factor is the bifactor analysis. We used unrestricted exploratory-confirmatory bifactor modelling to validate the Brazilian version of the IIP-PD-47. METHODS: The sample consisted of 1,091 subjects aged 18-64 years who answered the IIP-PD-47 and a collateral measure of pathological traits, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). RESULTS: After testing many candidate models, our data were best represented by a bifactor model with one general factor and five specific uncorrelated factors. Nevertheless, a closer inspection of the discriminant validity of each IIP-PD-47 factor revealed strong support for the general factor and a factor capturing aggressive behaviours, but less support for the additional four specific factors. CONCLUSIONS: The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, and some recommendations are offered about the need for controlling response styles when assessing PD traits via self-report inventories. Our findings indicate that the Brazilian version of IIP-PD has promising psychometric properties.

Três médicos e uma mãe / Three doctors and a mother / Tres médicos y una madre

A papilomatose laríngea, doença rara potencialmente fatal, carateriza-se pela proliferação de papilomas no trato respiratório, múltiplos, recorrentes, cuja etiologia é a infeção por papilomavírus humano (HPV). Menina, 21 meses, filha de mãe com serologia positiva para vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH) e HPV. Em acompanhamento nas consultas de Pediatria do Desenvolvimento do Hospital, Pediatra Particular e Médico de Família (MF). Aos 18 meses, na consulta de acompanhamento do MF, a mãe preocupada salienta a fala sussurrada e choro rouco da filha com diagnóstico frequente de laringite aguda no Pediatra e MF nos últimos 3 meses, motivando a referenciação à Otorrinolaringologia e posterior diagnóstico de papilomatose laríngea. A abordagem da disfonia na criança evita o uso inapropriado de corticoides, inibidores da bomba de prótons e antibioticoterapia. Neste relato sobressai a desvantagem associada ao seguimento por múltiplos médicos, sendo o MF fundamental para reunir e integrar a informação clínica, permitindo a continuidade de cuidados.

Laryngeal papillomatosis is a rare and potentially fatal disease characterized by the proliferation of recurrent respiratory papillomas, whose etiology is human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. We report a clinical case of a 21-month girl, whose mother is sero-positive to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and HPV. This girl attended multiple medical consultations: Development Pediatrics (at the hospital), private Pediatrician and General Practitioner (GP). At 18 months, in the GP surveillance consultation, the concerned mother referred whispered talking, hoarse crying and frequent diagnosis of acute laryngitis at the Pediatrician in the last 3 months. She was referenced to otorhinolaryngology with subsequent diagnosis of laryngeal papillomatosis. The approach to childhood dysphonia avoids inappropriate use of corticosteroids, proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics. This report highlights the disadvantage of the surveillance by multiple doctors and the key role of the GP in gathering and integrating clinical information, allowing the continuity of care.

La papilomatosis laríngea, una enfermedad rara y potencialmente mortal, se caracteriza por la proliferación de papilomas respiratorios recurrentes, cuya etiología es la infección por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH). Se relata el caso de una niña de 21 meses, hija de una madre seropositiva al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y VPH. Vigilada en las consultas de Pediatría de Desarrollo del Hospital, Pediatría Privada y Médico de la Familia (MF). A los 18 meses, en la consulta de vigilancia del MF, la madre preocupada destaca habla susurrada, llanto ronco y diagnóstico frecuente de la laringitis aguda en la pediatra en los últimos 3 meses. Se referenció a otorrinolaringología con posterior diagnóstico de papilomatosis laríngea. El enfoque de la disfonía infantil evita el uso inapropiado de los corticosteroides, inhibidores de la bomba de protones y antibioterapia. En este informe se destaca la desventaja asociada al seguimiento por parte de varios médicos, y el papel clave del MF para reunir e integrar la información clínica, lo que permite la continuidad de la atención.

Molecular size distribution analysis of human gingival glycosaminoglycans in cyclosporin- and nifedipine-induced overgrowths.

Glycosaminoglycans are thought to accumulate in formative lesions like drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Recent evidences, however, suggest that the amounts of glycosaminoglycans are comparable in overgrown and healthy gingiva. Besides, alterations in the size distribution of glycosaminoglycan molecules isolated from phenytoin-induced overgrown samples have also been suggested. Therefore, we sought to determine possible differences in molecular size distribution of gingival glycosaminoglycans in other types of drug-induced overgrowths. Purified gingival glycosaminoglycans from healthy and cyclosporin- and nifedipine-induced overgrown gingival tissues were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and their molecular-size distribution was evaluated by both gel filtration chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Our results on the gingival glycosaminoglycan composition showed presence of chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid in all types of gingival tissues examined. In addition, hyaluronic acid was predominantly of a large size eluting near to the void volume of a Superose-6 column, while the sulfated glycosaminoglycans were mainly composed of low molecular size glycosaminoglycans. Our results show no differences in the molecular-size distribution of hyaluronic acid and sulfated glycosaminoglycans among healthy and drug-induced overgrown gingival tissues.

Açäo antibacteriana do amálgama: sobre microorganismos da cavidade oral / Antibacterial activity of dental amalgama on oral cavity microrganisms

A açäo antibacteriana de quatro marcas comerciais de amálgama (DFL Alloy, Aristalloy, Negro Gatto e Velvalloy) contra sete microorganismos encontrados na cavidade oral (Streptococcus mutans,Streptococcus sobrinus, Pseudomonas aeruginosas, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermides, Escherichia coli e Micrococcus lutea). A açäo antibacteriana foi demonstrada contra os microoganismos Staphylococcus epidermides, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli e Micrococcus lutea, sendo que para os outros microorganismos ela foi inerte. Com isso, demonstrou-se que a açäo antibacteriana do amálgama é bactéria dependente